Thursday, August 21, 2008

the cause of heart attack


Eggs and meat – the cause of heart attack says – noble laureate (1985)

U.S. Heart researchers Dr. Michael Brown (Left ) and Dr. Joseph Goldtein congratulate each other at a news conference in Massachusetts after winning the 1985 Noble prize in medicine . The were honoured for their cholesterol research , which has revolutionized treatment and prevention of heart disease . The two doctors will share a cash award of 225000 dollars , the highest in the 84 year history of the nobel prizes .
Two American scientists have been awarded the 1985 Nobel prize in medicine for explaining how high cholesterol levels cause heart disease and how heart attacks may be prevented .

The Nobel committee at stockholm’s karolinska institute announced October 14 that the discoveries of physicians Michael S.Brown and joseph L. Golstein , of the University of Taxes ,” revolutionized our knowledge of cholesterol metabolism and the treatment of diseases caused by high cholesterol levels in the blood .

Heart disease , a major cause of death in the united states and in most industrialized countries , can be traced to environment factors , including diets high in saturated fat and cholesterol in the body and cause heart disease to run in the families.

The winners of the nobel medicine prize , Drs. Brown and Goldstein are both molecular geneticists who first met during medical training in 1966 and have worked closely together for more than a decade at the university of Texas Health science center in Dallas .
The Nobel committee said the two doctors provided , “ a milestone in cholesterol research “ with their discovery in 1973 that specific sites on cell surfaces , called receptors , absorb particles in the body’s bloodstream that contain cholesterol .
Cholesterol , produced in the body as well as consumed in foods , is essential to life . It is needed for the manufacture of cell membrances and as a building block in the production of certain hormones. It is transported through the blood particles known as low density lipoproteins or LDL.
LDL is also absorbed by cells of the liver , where cholesterol can be eliminated from the body so that it does not accumulate in the blood stream and collect in arteries .
Brown and Goldstein discovered that there is a limit on how much cholesterol a cell can take in and that excessive fats and cholesterol in the blood can slowly accumulate to clog human arteries , causing strokes and heart attacks .
The researchers also discovered that some people , due to a genetic flaw , are predisposed toward high blood cholesterol . They found that the cells from people with inherited high cholesterol either lacked or were deficient in LDL receptors .
Brown and Goldstein also reported that normal individuals who consume large amounts of cholesterol , particularly through red meats and dairy products , may reduce the number of LDL receptors on the cell surface. Fewer receptors mean that more cholesterol bearing products remain in the bloodstream , with the risk of deposit build up on the artery walls .Goldstein told reporters that their research could lead to development of new drugs that increase the number of receptors and thus lower cholesterol levels in the bloodstream

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